Bitcoin Hashrate Posts First First-Quarter Decline in Six Years as Miners Pivot to AI Infrastructure

AI training and inference are driving a surge in data-center electricity demand, but building new substations and securing grid connections often takes years. Bitcoin miners already control large-scale power contracts, land, substations and fiber connectivity, allowing them to take on AI and high-performance computing workloads faster than projects built from scratch. Success still depends on cooling systems, building retrofits and long-term customers.

A June 30 report said mining sites' grid connections had evolved from a cost of Bitcoin production into an AI asset. On February 26, 2025, Core Scientific expanded its CoreWeave contract to 590 MW, with estimated revenue of $10.2 billion over 12 years. On January 16, 2026, Riot Platforms signed a 10-year, $311 million lease with AMD, beginning with 25 MW and offering expansion to as much as 200 MW.

Bitcoin miners traditionally used energy-intensive computing to maintain the blockchain, but their grid connections, land, cooling systems and data centers can be converted relatively quickly into high-performance computing facilities for AI. Bitcoin completed its fourth halving on April 20, 2024, cutting the block reward to 3.125 BTC. The resulting pressure on mining revenue has also prompted operators to seek more stable income from AI hosting.

In a May 19, 2026, report, Bernstein estimated that publicly traded Bitcoin miners control more than 27 GW of planned power capacity. The industry has announced more than $90 billion in AI agreements covering about 3.7 GW. Bernstein also assigned outperform ratings to IREN, Riot Platforms, CleanSpark and Core Scientific, underscoring how access to power has become a bottleneck for AI data-center expansion.

After Bitcoin's April 2024 halving, mining rewards shrank while network hashrate and electricity costs climbed. CoinShares estimates that listed miners' average cash cost per BTC reached $79,995 in the fourth quarter of 2025, above Bitcoin's roughly $68,000–$70,000 price in March 2026. Miners can repurpose their existing power capacity and data centers for AI computing, making the shift consequential for both corporate finances and Bitcoin network security.

As of March 2026, listed miners' combined BTC holdings had fallen by more than 15,000 coins from their peak. Core Scientific sold about 1,900 BTC worth $175 million in January, while Bitfarms cut its holdings from a peak of 3,301 BTC to 1,827 BTC. The industry has signed more than $70 billion in AI and high-performance computing contracts, including Core Scientific's 12-year, $10.2 billion agreement with CoreWeave.

Bitcoin mining and AI data centers both depend heavily on reliable power, but AI can generate $200–$500 in revenue per megawatt, several times the $57–$129 from mining. A miner shift to high-performance computing could raise concerns about 51% attacks if it reduces the network’s total hash rate. Critics of that view argue that difficulty adjustments would restore the balance between profitability and security.

On March 16, 2026, trader Ran Neuner said Bitcoin’s hash rate had fallen 14.5% from its October 2025 peak. Core Scientific secured $500 million in financing from Morgan Stanley on March 5, with the facility expandable to $1 billion. MARA also filed with the SEC to sell some of its BTC to fund its AI pivot.